TerraMaster TOS - RCE (CVE-2020-28188)

CVE-2020-28188 is a critical vulnerability in TerraMaster TOS that permits unauthenticated remote command execution through improper handling of input parameters.

CrowdSec has been tracking this vulnerability and its exploits since 6th of June 2025.

CrowdSec network observations suggest that most exploitation of CVE-2020-28188 involves focused reconnaissance to identify viable targets. Attackers typically tailor their campaigns based on system exposure and configuration. It is unlikely that a given attack is accidental. Data from the CrowdSec community also indicates a gradual decrease in attacks targeting CVE-2020-28188. While still present in the wild, exploitation levels have dropped noticeably week-over-week. This may signal that the vulnerability is becoming less relevant or that defenses are improving fast enough for attackers to lose interest.

Observed exploitation attempts often target requests involving /include/makecvs.php or /tos/index.php?explorer/pathlist.